The type of RAM known for its high speed and reliability in computers is SRAM (Static Random Access Memory). Unlike DRAM (Dynamic RAM), SRAM retains data bits in its memory as long as power is supplied, making it faster and more efficient for cache memory applications. Its architecture allows for quicker access speeds, which is crucial for performance-intensive tasks. While SRAM is more expensive to produce compared to DRAM and has lower storage density, its advantages in speed and reliability make it a preferred choice in applications where performance is a priority.