The device that converts analog signals into digital data is known as an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). This technology is crucial in various applications, including audio recording, telecommunications, and audio-visual equipment. ADCs sample the continuous analog signals at specific intervals and quantize them into binary numbers, preserving the original signal's characteristics while making it compatible with digital systems. This conversion is key for processing, storage, and transmission of analog signals in digital formats, enabling modern devices to function effectively in our increasingly digital world.