The database architecture designed to handle large amounts of structured and unstructured data is known as a NoSQL database. Unlike traditional relational databases, NoSQL accommodates various data types and provides flexible schemas, making it suitable for big data applications and real-time analytics. It excels at horizontal scalability, enabling organizations to distribute data across multiple servers seamlessly. NoSQL databases, such as MongoDB and Cassandra, can quickly process large volumes of data while maintaining high availability, making them ideal for modern applications requiring agility and performance.