The technology used for wireless communication over short distances typically includes Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. Bluetooth is designed for low-power communication between devices within a range of about 10 meters, facilitating connections for peripherals like headphones and smart devices. Wi-Fi enables high-speed internet access within a local area, allowing multiple devices to connect and share data seamlessly. Both technologies are essential for enabling wireless interactions and enhancing the connectivity of various devices in personal and professional settings.