The technology essential for maintaining secure internet browsing is SSL/TLS (Secure Sockets Layer/Transport Layer Security). These cryptographic protocols ensure that the data exchanged between a user's browser and a web server is encrypted, preventing unauthorized access and maintaining confidentiality. SSL/TLS certificates, displayed as padlocks in the browser address bar, indicate whether a website is secure. Additionally, users should employ VPNs (Virtual Private Networks) and updated browsers to enhance online security further. Together, these technologies contribute significantly to a safe browsing experience and protection against cyber threats.