The technology that enables real-time voice communication over the internet is Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). VoIP converts voice signals into digital data, allowing people to communicate over the internet instead of traditional telephone networks. This technology supports various services, including voice calls, video conferencing, and instant messaging. It offers enhanced flexibility and cost-efficiency, particularly for long-distance calls. Popular platforms utilizing VoIP include Skype, Zoom, and WhatsApp, which have transformed the way people communicate globally.