Microcontrollers are crucial in the Internet of Things (IoT)brain of connected devices. They monitor inputs from sensors and execute tasks such as controlling motors, transmitting data, and interacting with other devices. Microcontrollers gather and process data from the environment, enabling real-time responses and automation, which are essential features of IoT systems. Their low power consumption and compact size make them ideal for a wide range of applications, from home automation systems to industrial monitoring solutions within the IoT ecosystem.