A proxy server functions in network security by acting as an intermediary between a user’s device and the internet. It receives requests from clients, forwards them to the appropriate servers, and then sends back the responses. This adds a layer of security by hiding the user’s IP address, reducing vulnerabilities to direct attacks. Additionally, proxy servers can filter traffic, cache data for improved performance, and control access to specific websites, thus enhancing an organization’s cybersecurity. Overall, they play a key role in maintaining privacy and safeguarding sensitive information.