The term "smart grid" refers to an advanced electrical grid system that uses digital technology to monitor and manage energy distribution. It combines traditional electricity infrastructure with modern communication networks, enabling real-time data collection and analysis. Smart grids facilitate improved efficiency in energy delivery and consumption, enhance grid reliability, and support integration of renewable energy sources. They empower consumers through smart meters, allowing for better energy management and usage transparency. The smart grid is a crucial component of modern energy management, promoting sustainability and reliability in power systems.