The scientific term for the study of blood is hematology. This field encompasses the examination of blood components, including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Hematologists investigate various blood disorders, such as anemia, leukemias, and clotting disorders, to understand their causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. Analyzing blood allows for insights into overall health, disease states, and the body's physiological responses, making hematology a crucial aspect of medical science.