The role of the skeletal system in human health involves providing structure, support, and protection to the body. It serves as the framework that determines shape and posture while facilitating movement in conjunction with muscles. Additionally, the skeletal system protects vital organs, such as the brain and heart, and plays a crucial role in mineral storage, particularly calcium and phosphorus. The bone marrow, found within certain bones, is responsible for producing blood cells, highlighting the skeletal system's critical role in overall health and homeostasis.