The role of growth hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, is to regulate various physiological processes, mainly promoting growth and development in children and adolescents. It stimulates the growth of bones, muscles, and tissues by encouraging protein synthesis and fat metabolism. In adults, growth hormone helps maintain bone density, muscle mass, and overall metabolic functions. Imbalances in growth hormone levels can lead to conditions such as gigantism or dwarfism, underscoring its importance in human health.