Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) plays a crucial role in protein synthesis as it forms the core of ribosomes, the cellular machinery responsible for translating mRNA into proteins. rRNA provides structural support and catalyzes the chemical reactions necessary for amino acid bonding. This ensures the proper assembly of polypeptide chains, ultimately determining the functional characteristics of proteins. The importance of rRNA in translation extends beyond mere structure; it is fundamental to the overall fidelity and efficiency of protein synthesis.