Ecosystems and biodiversity are closely related, as diverse ecosystems often exhibit resilience and stability. Biodiversity includes the variety of species, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity, contributing to ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling and energy flow. A rich biodiversity allows ecosystems to recover from disturbances and enhances their ability to provide essential services like clean water and air. Conversely, loss of biodiversity can compromise ecosystem health, reducing its capacity to sustain life and respond to environmental changes.