The primary factor that determines climate in a specific area is latitude. Latitude influences the amount of solar radiation received, which affects temperature and precipitation patterns. Other factors, such as altitude, proximity to oceans, and prevailing winds, also contribute to regional climates, but latitude is the most significant. Additionally, areas closer to the equator tend to have warmer climates, while those farther away experience cooler temperatures. Overall, understanding latitude is essential for comprehending the climate characteristics of various regions.