The primary driver of photosynthetic activity is sunlight, a natural source of energy that fuels the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process occurs mainly in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and certain bacteria, where chlorophyll captures light energy. Photosynthesis is essential for sustaining life, as it forms the basis of the food web by providing energy to primary producers. Additionally, it plays a vital role in regulating atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, influencing global climate patterns and contributing to oxygen production.