Understanding the impact of pollutants on ecosystem health is essential for identifying and mitigating environmental risks. Pollutants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and plastics, can degrade water quality, harm wildlife, and disrupt ecological processes. Studying their effects allows scientists and policymakers to develop regulations aimed at reducing emissions, protecting vulnerable habitats, and promoting cleaner production methods. Additionally, recognizing the interactions between various pollutants can help assess cumulative environmental impacts. Ultimately, addressing pollution is critical for maintaining healthy ecosystems that support human and wildlife populations alike.