Pollutants adversely affect respiratory health by causing or exacerbating respiratory diseases. Common pollutants, such as particulate matter, ozone, and nitrogen dioxide, can irritate the airways, leading to conditions like asthma, chronic bronchitis, and other lung diseases. Prolonged exposure can impair lung function and contribute to serious health issues, including lung cancer and cardiovascular problems. Public awareness and regulatory measures to limit pollution are essential for protecting respiratory health, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children and the elderly.