Political philosophy is significant in shaping governance as it influences the fundamental ideas about justice, rights, and the role of the state. Philosophers like John Locke and Thomas Hobbes have shaped concepts of social contracts and individual liberties, which underpin modern democracies. The prevailing political philosophy within a society determines the legitimacy of government actions, influencing legislation and public institutions. Consequently, political philosophy serves as a framework that guides both policymakers and citizens in understanding their rights and responsibilities within a political system.