Devolution refers to the transfer of power and decision-making from a central government to regional or local authorities, allowing them to govern specific matters autonomously. In contrast, federalism is a system where power is constitutionally divided between national and regional governments, each having its own set of responsibilities. While devolution may grant greater local control, it does not change the fundamental legal structure of the national government. In contrast, federalism defines a unique coexistence of authority, where both levels of government operate within their constitutionally designated powers.