A judicial review is a process through which courts evaluate the constitutionality of legislative acts or executive actions. It allows the judiciary to interpret laws and protect individual rights by ensuring that government actions align with the constitutional framework. Through judicial review, courts can invalidate laws or actions deemed unconstitutional, serving as a check on legislative and executive powers. This mechanism is essential in maintaining the rule of law and safeguarding democracy by upholding the principles enshrined in the constitution. Countries vary in the extent to which judicial review is exercised, influencing the balance of power within their governance systems.