Emerging democracies face several challenges, including the consolidation of **democratic institutions**, establishing the rule of law, and fostering **political pluralism**. They often grapple with weak governance structures and the influence of entrenched **authoritarianism**, making it difficult to establish effective electoral processes. Additionally, economic instability and social divisions can hinder political participation and civic engagement. Emerging democracies must also navigate external pressures ranging from **foreign intervention** to globalization, which can affect domestic policies and political stability. Building a culture of democracy takes time, patience, and commitment from both leaders and citizens.