A referendum works in a democratic context as a mechanism for direct public participation in decision-making. It allows citizens to vote directly on specific legislative proposals or constitutional amendments, bypassing the usual representative process. This instrument empowers voters to express their preferences on contentious issues, enhancing democratic engagement. Typically, a government will call a referendum to gauge public opinion on significant changes, with the outcome guiding official policy. The process fosters accountability, as elected officials must respond to the voice of the electorate.