Collective identities shape political engagement by influencing how individuals perceive their role and responsibility within society. These identities, based on factors like race, gender, or cultural background, can create shared experiences that motivate political action. Individuals connected by common identities often form interest groups or movements aimed at advocating for specific policies. Additionally, collective identities can foster solidarity, enabling marginalized groups to challenge oppressive systems and actively participate in the political process, thereby enhancing representation.