In the U.S. Congress, the roles of senators and representatives differ significantly. Senators serve longer terms of six years, representing entire states, while representatives serve two-year terms, representing smaller districts. This structural difference allows senators to focus on broader, nationwide issues, while representatives are often more attuned to local concerns. Additionally, the Senate has unique powers, including the ability to confirm presidential appointments and ratify treaties, making its role in governance distinct. These differences contribute to the overall functionality of the legislative process and the balance of power.