The ancient civilization that worshipped a sun god named Ra is Ancient Egypt. Ra was a central deity associated with creation and the sun, viewed as the giver of life. His daily journey across the sky and nightly descent into the underworld symbolizes the cycle of life and death. Ra's worship underscored the belief in order and harmony, as well as the connection between the natural world and divine influence. He exemplified the importance of the sun in sustaining life and the governance of time and seasons.