The ancient civilization that believed in a pantheon led by the god Ra is ancient Egypt. Ra was considered the sun god and a central figure in Egyptian mythology, representing life, order, and kingship. As the primary deity, he was often depicted traveling across the sky in his solar boat, providing light and warmth to the world. Ra’s influence permeated numerous aspects of Egyptian culture, including religion, art, and governance, as he was seen as the father of many gods and the sustainer of life.