The mythical hero known for completing the Twelve Labors as punishment for a crime in Greek mythology is Heracles, also known as Hercules. These labors were assigned to him by King Eurystheus and included feats such as slaying the Nemean Lion and capturing the Golden Hind. Heracles's journey symbolizes strength, bravery, and redemption, reflecting the struggle between humans and their own limitations while emphasizing the importance of perseverance.