The one-eyed giant in Greek mythology is known as Polyphemus, a Cyclops who is most famously featured in the story of Odysseus. He is depicted as a savage creature who captures Odysseus and his men, intending to eat them. However, Odysseus cleverly devises a plan to escape by blinding Polyphemus with a sharpened stake, which reveals themes of intelligence overcoming brute strength. This encounter emphasizes the value of wit and cunning over mere physical power, while also illustrating the consequences of offending the gods, as Polyphemus calls upon his father Poseidon for retribution.