Mao Zedong, also known as Chairman Mao, was a key figure in Chinese history and the founding father of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). He played a pivotal role in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and led the nation during transformative periods, including the Chinese Civil War and the Cultural Revolution. Emerging as a leader in the 1930s, he emphasized peasant-based revolution, which led to the overthrow of the Nationalist government in 1949. Mao's policies, including the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution, aimed to rapidly modernize China but resulted in significant social turmoil and economic hardship, deeply impacting the country's trajectory.