The main architect of the New Deal was Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the United States. Implemented in response to the Great Depression, the New Deal consisted of a series of economic programs and reforms aimed at revitalizing the U.S. economy and providing relief to millions of Americans suffering during this period. Key components included job creation through public works, financial reforms, and the establishment of social safety nets. The New Deal fundamentally transformed the role of government in economic affairs and laid the groundwork for modern American welfare policies.