The famous Egyptian queen who ruled during a time of prosperity was Cleopatra VII. Ascending to the throne in 51 BC, she was the last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt. Cleopatra is often remembered for her intelligence, political acumen, and her relationships with prominent Roman leaders like Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Her reign was marked by efforts to preserve Egypt's independence amidst Roman expansion. Despite her efforts, the defeat at the Battle of Actium led to her downfall. Cleopatra ultimately committed suicide in 30 BC as Egypt fell to Roman control, marking the end of the Hellenistic period in Egypt.