The period in history often referred to as the "Dark Ages" is approximately between the 5th and 10th centuries, following the fall of the Western Roman Empire. It is characterized by a perceived cultural and economic decline, with fewer written records compared to earlier or later periods. The term "Dark Ages" was coined by Renaissance thinkers who viewed this era as lacking in innovation and enlightenment. However, modern historians argue that while there were challenges, this period also saw significant developments, such as the spread of Christianity, the establishment of feudalism, and agricultural advancements, laying foundations for the future.