The historical figure known for his role in the establishment of the Roman Republic is Lucius Junius Brutus. In 509 BCE, after the overthrow of the last king, Tarquin the Proud, Brutus played a pivotal role in founding the new republican government. He became one of the first consuls, sharing power with others in a system designed to prevent the concentration of authority. Brutus represented the ideals of republicanism, emphasizing civic responsibility and the refusal to accept monarchy. His actions significantly influenced the political structures and philosophies of governance that would shape Rome and, later, modern democratic thought.