Athens is known as the cradle of democracy in ancient times. Around the 5th century BCE, Athens pioneered the concept of a direct democratic government where citizens could participate in decision-making processes. This system allowed for open debate and voting on a range of civic issues, further empowering citizens and encouraging public participation. The government was characterized by institutions such as the Assembly and the Council of Five Hundred, which facilitated collective decision-making and accountability. Athenian democracy influenced many modern democratic systems, serving as a foundation for contemporary notions of citizenship, political rights, and civic engagement.