The American conflict characterized by significant brutality and high casualties, known as "total war", is the Civil War. Fought from 1861 to 1865, this war aimed to preserve the Union and end slavery. The term "total war" reflects the extensive mobilization of resources and civilian involvement, as well as the moral and physical devastation inflicted on both the North and the South. Battles like Gettysburg and Sherman’s March to the Sea exemplified this approach, where not just military targets but also civilian infrastructure were targeted.