The New Deal programs, initiated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s, aimed to address the economic devastation of the Great Depression through a series of reforms and recovery efforts. The primary functions included providing immediate relief for the unemployed, stimulating economic recovery, and enacting reforms to prevent future depressions. Key programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) for job creation, the Social Security Act for social welfare, and the Securities Exchange Act to regulate financial markets. These initiatives not only helped reduce unemployment and boost the economy but also resulted in a significant expansion of the federal government's role in economic affairs.