The major reforms of the New Deal, initiated by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression, included a series of economic programs aimed at recovery and reform. Key components included the creation of social safety nets through Social Security, the establishment of federal agencies like the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) that provided jobs, and the implementation of banking and stock market regulations through the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC). The New Deal sought to stimulate economic growth, provide relief to the unemployed, and foster a more equitable economic landscape, fundamentally reshaping the American economy and the role of government.