Isaac Newton's contributions during the Enlightenment period were significant for science and mathematics. His laws of motion and universal gravitation revolutionized the understanding of physics. Newton's emphasis on empirical evidence and mathematical formulation laid the groundwork for the scientific method. His work inspired further inquiries into the natural world, spurring advances in various fields. Newton's methods exemplified rational thought and inquiry, influencing not just science but also broader Enlightenment ideals regarding reason and the pursuit of knowledge.