The Carthaginian Wars, primarily the Punic Wars fought between Rome and Carthage, resulted in Rome's dominance over the Mediterranean region. Following three major conflicts, Rome emerged victorious, culminating in the destruction of Carthage in 146 BCE. This expansion allowed Rome to annex significant territories, including North Africa, parts of Spain, and Sicily. The wars also contributed to the transformation of Rome from a republic to an empire, drove economic prosperity through control of trade routes, and ultimately set the stage for Roman influence across Europe for centuries to come.