The primary focus of the Italian Renaissance was the revival of classical learning and art. Emerging in the 14th century, this cultural movement emphasized humanism, drawing inspiration from ancient Greece and Rome. Artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo created masterpieces that showcased perspective, anatomical accuracy, and emotional depth, revolutionizing art. The period also fostered advancements in science, literature, and philosophy, laying the groundwork for the modern world and impacting various disciplines profoundly.