The main impact of the Russian Revolution (1917) on European politics was the rise of communism as a significant political force, creating a divide among Western capitalist countries and the Eastern Bloc. The Bolshevik victory led to the establishment of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, influencing socialist movements across Europe. The revolution inspired fears of communist expansion, prompting policies such as the Containment Policy during the Cold War. Additionally, it reshaped alliances, with some nations aligning against perceived communist threats, significantly altering the political landscape of Europe for much of the 20th century.