The impact of the Black Plague on European societies during the 14th century was profound and transformative. The epidemic, which peaked between 1347 and 1351, wiped out approximately one-third of Europe's population. This massive death toll caused severe labor shortages, leading to a rise in wages and significant changes in social structures. Feudalism weakened as serfs gained more rights and opportunities. The crisis also spurred advances in medical knowledge and public health practices. Escalating social tensions sometimes resulted in scapegoating, such as violence against Jewish communities. Overall, the Black Plague ushered in significant economic, social, and cultural shifts in European history.