What treaty ended the 30 Years' War? 🔊
The Peace of Westphalia, concluded in 1648, effectively ended the Thirty Years' War, a devastating conflict primarily fought in the Holy Roman Empire but involving numerous European powers. This treaty is significant for establishing the principle of state sovereignty, recognizing the coexistence of various religions (Catholicism, Protestantism, and Calvinism), and marking a shift towards a more modern international order. It allowed states to determine their own religious affiliations without external interference and laid the groundwork for future diplomatic relations. The Peace of Westphalia is often cited as the beginning of the modern state system, emphasizing the importance of national sovereignty and legal recognition of territorial integrity.
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