The regime known for its brutal rule in Cambodia during the 1970s was the Khmer Rouge, led by Pol Pot. The Khmer Rouge governed from 1975 to 1979 and pursued a radical communist agenda that aimed to transform Cambodia into an agrarian socialist society. This regime is infamous for its genocidal policies, leading to the deaths of an estimated two million people through execution, forced labor, and famine. Intellectuals, professionals, and anyone perceived as a threat to the regime were targeted, resulting in widespread atrocities. The Khmer Rouge's oppressive tactics left a lasting scar on Cambodian society and history.