The signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763 was primarily led by the conclusion of the Seven Years' War, which pitted Britain against France and Spain. The war resulted in significant territorial gains for Britain in North America, India, and the Caribbean. The treaty removed France as a significant colonial power in North America, transferring Canada and territories east of the Mississippi River to Britain, while Spain ceded Florida to Britain in exchange for the return of Havana, Cuba. This treaty reshaped the geopolitical landscape, establishing Britain as the dominant colonial power.