The key treaty that established peace between France and England in the 18th century was the Treaty of Paris, signed in 1763. This treaty marked the end of the Seven Years' War (also known as the French and Indian War in North America) and resulted in significant territorial changes. France ceded Canada and its territories east of the Mississippi River to Great Britain, while Spain, an ally of France, ceded Florida to Britain. The treaty reshaped the colonial landscape in North America and set the stage for British dominance in the region, profoundly affecting future relations between Britain and its American colonies.