The term "Kristallnacht," meaning "Night of Broken Glass," refers to the violent pogrom against Jews in Nazi Germany that took place on November 9-10, 1938. During this event, Jewish-owned businesses, homes, and synagogues were vandalized and destroyed, signifying a drastic escalation in anti-Jewish sentiment and violence. This state-sanctioned attack resulted in the deaths of approximately 100 Jews, the arrest of thousands, and the initiation of widespread terror among the Jewish community. Kristallnacht marked a turning point, as it represented the transition from economic persecution to physical violence, foreshadowing the more extensive horrors of the Holocaust to come.