The Abbasid Empire is widely recognized for its remarkable advancements in both astronomy and mathematics during the Islamic Golden Age, which flourished from the 8th to the 14th century. Scholars in this era, such as Al-Khwarizmi, contributed significantly to mathematics through the introduction of algebra, while also advancing geometric concepts. In astronomy, they established observatories and created sophisticated astronomical tables, which allowed for more accurate navigation and a better understanding of celestial movements. This intellectual movement not only preserved ancient Greek and Roman knowledge but also laid the groundwork for the scientific advances that would shape the Renaissance and modern science.