The document that declared the principles of democracy in ancient Athens was the "Constitution of the Athenians," traditionally attributed to Aristotle. This work describes the establishment and development of democracy in Athens, highlighting key concepts such as citizen participation in governance, direct voting, and equal justice under the law. The Athenian democracy was notable for encouraging public debate and civic involvement, promoting a system where eligible male citizens could participate in decision-making processes. This early form of democracy laid the groundwork for later democratic systems and has significantly influenced contemporary notions of governance and civic rights.